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If the surroundings of every concept are divided into four quadrants, all the concepts in the second quadrant are suboptimal because they have higher energy consumption and higher discomfort. The concepts in the first and fourth quadrant are however not better or worse than the selected concept. It depends on the designer which concept is preferedpreferred. The concepts in the first quadrant have better comfort, but a higher energy consumption, while the concepts in the fourth quadrant have lower energy consumption, but a worse comfort.
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In the Hysopt software, the Pareto analysis can be started by clicking on the icon on the left side of the screen.
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Model selection
After clicking on the Pareto icon, a new page is opened with on the left the folder structure. In the folder structure, the user can navigate to the models desired to analyse.
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After selecting at least two models for the Pareto analysis, the selected models are visualised on the right side of the screen. If a model is selected which isn’t desired, it can simply be removed by clicking on the “garbage bin” icon.
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Specifications
After the model selection, the user should click on the “next” button on the top right corner of the Pareto dashboard. A new page will appear with the selected models on the left.
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Besides adding comments to models and changing the order of the models, a reference model should be selected. A reference model is needed to calculate different aspects like for instance “energy cost savings”. A model can be selected as the reference by clicking on the “Reference” button next to the models' name. After selecting the reference, the button turns blue.
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Parameters
If a reference model is selected, the user can click on the “next” button on the top right corner of the Pareto dashboard. A new page appears with different parameters. The user should change these parameters if the correct values are known. The parameters are used for different calculations done in the Pareto analysis.
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Emission factor electricity
The default value for this parameter is the latest known average for all 27 European Union member states, as provided by the European Environment Agency. For best results, you can look up the specific value for your country here: https://www.eea.europa.eu/ims/greenhouse-gas-emission-intensity-of-1
Here are some samples:
Country | Year | kg CO2 / kWh electricity |
|---|---|---|
Belgium | 2020 | 0,167 |
Netherlands | 2020 | 0,333 |
United Kingdom | 2019 | 0,225 |
Investment costs
If the user has entered the correct parameters and clicked on the “next” button, a new page appears with input fields for the investment cost. The user should insert the correct material, installation and study cost for correct investment analysis.
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Pareto analysis
After the implementation of all the necessary information, the Pareto analysis can start by clicking on the “start” button in the top right corner. In the new page, a Pareto graph is shown with the “Energy Cost” and “Discomfort”.
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On the left side of the page, there are 3 different sections “Energy”, “Comfort” and “Investment”. Every section can be further analysed by clicking on the “Open” button.
Energy
First, the installed power of all the production units is shown with the percentage below.
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After the production details, the energies are analysed. The gas and electricity consumption are visualised, and with it, the energy savings compared to the reference is calculated. If CHPs (Combined Heat and Power) are used, the electricity production is also shown. Furthermore, the primary energy consumption is calculated using the input parameters from previous pages. With all the energy flows known, the system efficiency, the PER (Primary Energy Ratio) and RPES (Relative Primary Energy Savings) are calculated. More information on the calculations can be found in Pareto analysis: calculations.
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The energy costs are also calculated with the energy consumption and the electricity and gas prices of the input parameters. With the energy costs known, the cost savings compared to the reference is calculated.
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Finally, the CO2 emissions are calculated with the emission factors for gas and electricity. And with the emissions, the reductions are calculated.
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Comfort
In the “Comfort” section, the general comfort aspects are visualised. The comfort ratio is the percentage of people who are satisfied with the delivered heating and/or cooling. The comfort improvement is calculated compared to the reference. The discomfort ratio is the percentage of people who aren’t satisfied with the delivered heating and/or cooling. The comfort class and main class is calculated and visualised. A detailed explanation of how comfort is quantified is found in Pareto analysis: calculations.
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The comfort details give the percentages of how long the room temperatures are within a certain class.
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Furthermore, the number of zones with a certain class or main class is visualised with the percentage compared to all the rooms.
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Investment
In the “Investment” section, the optimisation costs are summarised with the calculated Hysopt project fee. The optimisation costs are implemented by the user in the parameter page. The calculation of the Hysopt project fee is explained on https://www.hysopt.com.
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Finally, the investment analysis is shown with the NPV (Net Present Value), the payback and discounted payback period in years, and the IRR (Internal Rate of Return). More information on the calculations can be found in Pareto analysis: calculations.
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